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Desmond Mpilo Tutu, (born 7 October 1931) is a South African social rights activist and retired Anglican bishop who rose to worldwide fame during the 1980s as an opponent of apartheid.<br/><br/> He was the first black Archbishop of Cape Town and bishop of the Church of the Province of Southern Africa (now the Anglican Church of Southern Africa).<br/><br/> Since the demise of apartheid, Tutu has been active in the defence of human rights and uses his high profile to campaign for the oppressed. He has campaigned to fight HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, poverty, racism, sexism, homophobia, and transphobia. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984; the Albert Schweitzer Prize for Humanitarianism in 1986; the Pacem in Terris Award in 1987; the Sydney Peace Prize in 1999; the Gandhi Peace Prize in 2007; and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009.
Saartjie 'Sarah' Baartman (before 1790 – 29 December 1815) was the most famous of at least two Khoikhoi women who, due to their large buttocks (steatopygia), were exhibited as freak show attractions in 19th-century Europe under the name Hottentot Venus. 'Hottentot' was the then current name for the Khoi people, but is now considered an offensive term.
Chinese people began arriving in large numbers in South Africa in the 1870s through to the early 20th century initially in hopes of making their fortune in the diamond and gold mines in Kimberley and the Witwatersrand respectively. Most were independent immigrants mostly coming from Guangdong Province then known as Canton. Due to anti-Chinese feeling and racial discrimination at the time they were prevented from obtaining mining contracts and so became entrepreneurs and small business owners instead.<br/><br/> Between 1904 and 1910, over 63,000 contracted miners were brought from China in to work the mines of the Witwatersrand. Most of these contractors were recruited from the provinces of Chihli (Zhili), Shantung (Shandong) and Honan (Henan). They were repatriated after 1910 because of strong White opposition to their presence, similar to anti-Asian sentiment in the western United States, particularly California at the same time.
This poster is held in the South African Anti-Apartheid archives of Mark Kane. Kane was involved in the Anti-Apartheid Movement first through his work with the American Friends Service Committee in West Michigan and later with the Institute for Global Education.<br/><br/> What is instructive about the poster is that it addresses the larger African Freedom struggle in both South Africa and Zimbabwe, linking it with the parallel struggle in the United States.
Cecil John Rhodes (5 July 1853 – 26 March 1902) was an English-born South African businessman, mining magnate, and politician. He was the founder of the diamond company De Beers, which today markets 40% of the world's rough diamonds and at one time marketed 90%.<br/><br/> An ardent believer in British colonialism, he was the founder of the state of Rhodesia, which was named after him. In 1964, Northern Rhodesia became the independent state of Zambia and Southern Rhodesia was thereafter known simply as Rhodesia. In 1980, Rhodesia, which had been de-facto independent since 1965, became independent from Britain and was renamed Zimbabwe.<br/><br/> Rhodes represents the high water mark of British colonialism and the 'Scramble for Africa'.